Types Prosthesis

a united states marine bilateral prosthetic legs leads formation run

limb prostheses include both upper- , lower-extremity prostheses.

upper-extremity prostheses used @ varying levels of amputation: forequarter, shoulder disarticulation, transhumeral prosthesis, elbow disarticulation, transradial prosthesis, wrist disarticulation, full hand, partial hand, finger, partial finger. transradial prosthesis artificial limb replaces arm missing below elbow.

upper limb prostheses can categorized in 3 main categories: passive devices, body powered devices, externally powered (myoelectric) devices. passive devices can either passive hands, used cosmetic purpose, or passive tools, used specific activities (e.g. leisure or vocational). extensive overview , classification of passive devices can found in literature review maat et.al. passive device can static, meaning device has no movable parts, or can adjustable, meaning configuration can adjusted (e.g. adjustable hand opening). despite absence of active grasping, passive devices useful in bimanual tasks require fixation or support of object, or gesticulation in social interaction. according scientific data third of upper limb amputees worldwide use passive prosthetic hand. body powered or cable operated limbs work attaching harness , cable around opposite shoulder of damaged arm. third category of prosthetic devices available myoelectric arms. these work sensing, via electrodes, when muscles in upper arm move, causing artificial hand open or close. in prosthetics industry, trans-radial prosthetic arm referred or below elbow prosthesis.

lower-extremity prostheses provide replacements @ varying levels of amputation. these include hip disarticulation, transfemoral prosthesis, knee disarticulation, transtibial prosthesis, syme s amputation, foot, partial foot, , toe. 2 main subcategories of lower extremity prosthetic devices trans-tibial (any amputation transecting tibia bone or congenital anomaly resulting in tibial deficiency) , trans-femoral (any amputation transecting femur bone or congenital anomaly resulting in femoral deficiency).

a transfemoral prosthesis artificial limb replaces leg missing above knee. transfemoral amputees can have difficult time regaining normal movement. in general, transfemoral amputee must use approximately 80% more energy walk person 2 whole legs. due complexities in movement associated knee. in newer , more improved designs, hydraulics, carbon fiber, mechanical linkages, motors, computer microprocessors, , innovative combinations of these technologies employed give more control user. in prosthetics industry trans-femoral prosthetic leg referred ak or above knee prosthesis.

a transtibial prosthesis artificial limb replaces leg missing below knee. transtibial amputee able regain normal movement more readily transfemoral amputation, due in large part retaining knee, allows easier movement. lower extremity prosthetics describes artificially replaced limbs located @ hip level or lower. in prosthetics industry trans-tibial prosthetic leg referred bk or below knee prosthesis.

wheeled prostheses have been used extensively in rehabilitation of injured domestic animals, including dogs, cats, pigs, rabbits, , turtles.

different types of prosthetic leg solutions

advanced prosthetic technology
above-knee limb loss solutions
below-knee limb loss solutions
hip disarticulation
prosthetic feet
partial foot prosthetics
lower limb/extremity componentry
bilateral above-knee bootcamp

prosthetic raw materials

prosthetic should made lightweight have better convenience amputee. of these materials include:

plastics:

polyethylene
polypropylene
acrylics
polyurethane


wood (early prosthetics)
rubber (early prosthetics)
lightweight metals:

titanium
aluminum
carbon fibre






^ maat, bartjan; smit, gerwin; plettenburg, dick; breedveld, paul (1 march 2017). passive prosthetic hands , tools: literature review . prosthetics , orthotics international. doi:10.1177/0309364617691622. retrieved 8 november 2017. 
^ cite error: named reference 4 invoked never defined (see page).
^ prosthetic leg solutions - hanger clinic . www.hangerclinic.com. retrieved 2017-10-24. 
^ how artificial limb made - material, manufacture, making, used, parts, components, structure, procedure . www.madehow.com. retrieved 2017-10-24.