Indian classical music Ostinato

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in indian classical music, during tabla or pakhawaj solo performances , kathak dance accompaniments, conceptually similar melodic pattern known lehara (sometimes spelled lehra) or nagma played repeatedly throughout performance. melodic pattern set number of beats in rhythmic cycle (tala or taal) being performed , may based on 1 or blend of multiple ragas.


the basic idea of lehara provide steady melodious framework , keep time-cycle rhythmic improvisations. serves auditory workbench not soloist audience appreciate ingenuity of improvisations , merits of overall performance. in indian classical music, concept of sam (pronounced sum ) carries paramount importance. sam target unison beat (and first beat) of rhythmic cycle. second important beat khali, complement of sam. besides these 2 prominent beats, there other beats of emphasis in given taal, signify khand s (divisions) of taal. e.g. roopak or rupak taal, 7-beat rhythmic cycle, divided 3–2–2, further implying 1st, 4th, , 6th beats prominent beats in taal. therefore, customary, not essential, align lehara according divisions of taal. done view emphasize beats mark divisions of taal.


the lehara can played on variety of instruments, including sarangi, harmonium, sitar, sarod, flute , others. playing of lehara relatively free numerous rules , constraints of raga sangeet, upheld , honoured in tradition of indian classical music. lehara may interspersed short , occasional improvisations built around basic melody. permissible switch between 2 or more disparate melodies during course of performance. essential lehara played highest precision in laya (tempo) , swara control, requires years of specialist training (taalim) , practice (riyaaz). considered hallmark of excellence play lehara alongside recognised tabla or pakhawaj virtuoso difficult task keep steady pulse while percussionist improvising or playing difficult compositions in counterpoint. while there may scores of individually talented instrumentalists, there few capable of playing lehra tabla / pakhawaj solo performance.









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