List of wars of succession War of succession

1 list of wars of succession

1.1 africa
1.2 asia

1.2.1 ancient asia
1.2.2 medieval asia
1.2.3 modern asia
1.2.4 modern asia


1.3 europe

1.3.1 ancient europe
1.3.2 medieval europe
1.3.3 high medieval europe
1.3.4 late medieval europe
1.3.5 modern europe
1.3.6 modern europe


1.4 north america
1.5 south america

list of wars of succession

note: wars of succession in transcontinental states mentioned under continents capital city located. names of wars have been given names historians capitalised; others, existence has been proven not given specific name, provisionally written in lowercase letters (except first word, geographical , personal names).

africa

alexander s diadochi battled political legacy 46 years.



ancient egyptian wars of succession

during second dynasty, fourth (2649 bce) , fifth (2513 , 2345 bce)
during seventh , eighth dynasties (2184–2164 bce)
between seti ii , amenmesse (1204–1198 bce) after death of pharaoh merneptah


wars of diadochi or wars of alexander s successors (323–277 bce), after death of king alexander great of macedon
ptolemaic civil war (132–124 bce), between cleopatra ii , ptolemy viii physcon on rightful succession of ptolemy vi philometor
numidian war of succession (118–112 bce), after death of king micipsa of numidia; spilled on roman–numidian jugurthine war (112–106 bce)
almohad war of succession (1224–12??), after death of caliph yusuf al-mustansir of almohad caliphate
moroccan war of succession (1574–1578), after death of sultan abdallah al-ghalib of saadi dynasty
moroccan war of succession (17th century)
revolutions of tunis or muradid war of succession (1675–1705), after death of bey murad ii of tunis
zulu war of succession (1839–1840), between brothers dingane , mpande after battle of blood river
ethiopian coup d état of 1928 , gugsa wale s rebellion (1930), (future) succession of empress zewditu of ethiopian empire haile selassie

asia
ancient asia

the warring states, each claiming kingship , seeking unite china under banner.



the seleucid dynastic wars ravaged once great seleucid empire, , contributed fall.



rebellion of 3 guards (c. 1042–1039 bce), after death of king king wu of zhou
(legendary) war of david against ish-bosheth (c. 1007–1005 bce), after death of king saul of united kingdom of israel. uncertain whether event occurred narrated in hebrew bible. allegedly began war of secession, namely of judah (david) israel (ish-bosheth), conflict succession of saul in both israel , judah
jin wars of succession (8th century–376 bce), series of wars on control of chinese feudal state of jin (part of increasingly powerless zhou dynasty)

jin–quwo wars (739–678 bce), dynastic struggles between 2 branches of jin s ruling house
li ji unrest (657–651 bce), future succession of duke xian of jin
war of zhou succession (635 bce), jin assisted king xiang of zhou against brother, prince dai, claimed zhou throne
partition of jin (c. 481–403 bce), series of wars between rival noble families of jin, sought divide state s territory amongst @ expense of jin s ruling house. state definitively carved between successor states of zhao, wei , han in 376 bce.


war of qi s succession (643–642 bce), after death of duke huan of qi
warring states period (c. 403–221 bce), series of dynastic interstate , intrastate wars during eastern zhou dynasty of china on succession , territory

war of wei succession (370–367 bce), after death of marquess wu of wei
qin s wars of unification (230–221 bce), enforce qin s claim succeeding zhou dynasty (which during western zhou period ruled chinese states), qin had ended in 256 bce


wars of diadochi or wars of alexander s successors (323–277 bce), after death of king alexander great of macedon
chu–han contention (206–202 bce), after surrender , death of emperor ziying of qin dynasty; rival rebel leaders liu bang , xiang yu sought set own new dynasties
seleucid dynastic wars (157–63 bce), series of wars of succession fought between competing branches of seleucid royal household control of seleucid empire
red eyebrows , lulin rebellions (17–23 ce), revolts against xin dynasty emperor wang mang restore han dynasty; both rebel armies had own candidates, however
han civil war (23–36), liu xiu s campaigns against pretenders , regional warlords opposed rule of gengshi emperor (23–25) , own rule (since 25)

second red eyebrows rebellion (23–27), after death of wang mang, against gengshi emperor, lulin rebel candidate succeed wang mang


war of armenian succession (54–66), caused death of roman emperor claudius, after rival pretender tiridates installed king vologases of parthia, unacceptable new emperor nero
the parthian civil wars

trajan s parthian campaign (115–117), intervention of roman emperor trajan parthian war of succession between osroes , parthamaspates of parthia in favour of latter


three kingdoms period (184–280), after death of emperor ling of han
war of 8 princes (291–306), after death of emperor sima yan of chinese jin dynasty
(uncertain) war of succession in gupta empire after death of emperor kumaragupta (c. 455), out of skandagupta emerged victorious
war of uncles , nephews (465–c.495) after death of emperor qianfei of liu song dynasty
prince hoshikawa rebellion (479–480), after death of emperor yuryaku of japan

medieval asia

wei civil war (530–550), after assassination of would-be usurper erzhu rong emperor xiaozhuang of northern wei, splitting state western wei (yuwen clan) , eastern wei (gao clan)


originally political conflict on succession muhammad, first fitna became basis of religious split between sunni islam , shia islam.



the historical fitnas in islam:

first fitna (656–661): after death of caliph uthman between umayyads , ali s followers (shiites)
second fitna (680–692; in strict sense 683–685): series of conflicts between umayyads, zubayrids , alids (shiites)
third fitna (744–750/752): series of civil wars within , rebellions against umayyad caliphate, ending abbasid revolution
fourth fitna (809–827): succession war within abbasid caliphate


war of goguryeo succession (666–668), after death of military dictator yeon gaesomun of goguryeo, see goguryeo–tang war (645–668)
jinshin war (672), after death of emperor tenji of japan
twenty years anarchy (695–717), after deposition of emperor justinian ii of byzantine empire
later 3 kingdoms of korea (892–936), began when 2 rebel leaders, claiming heirs of former kings of baekje , goguryeo, revolted against reign of queen jinseong of silla
anarchy of 12 warlords (966–968), after death of king ngô quyền of vietnam
afghan wars of succession (997–1041?), after death of emir sabuktigin of ghazni
seljuk war of succession (1092–1105), after death of sultan malik shah of seljuk empire
hōgen rebellion (1156), heiji rebellion (1160) , genpei war (1180–1185), after death of emperor konoe of japan, between clans on control of imperial family
war of antiochene succession (1201–1219), after death of prince bohemund iii of antioch
ayyubid war of succession (1238–1249), after death of sultan al-kamil of ayyubid dynasty
toluid civil war (1260–1264), after death of great khan möngke khan of mongol empire
chagatai wars of succession (1307–1331), after death of khan duwa of chagatai khanate
war of 2 capitals (1328–1332), after death of emperor yesün temür of yuan dynasty
nanboku-chō period or japanese war of succession (1336–1392), after ousting , death of emperor go-daigo of japan
forty years war (1368–1408) after death of king thado minbya of ava; war raged within , between burmese kingdoms of ava , pegu successors of pagan kingdom
jingnan rebellion (1399–1402), after death of hongwu emperor of ming dynasty
chi lu buli rebellion (ja) (1453), after death of king shō kinpuku of ryukyu kingdom
sengoku period (c. 1467–1601) in japan

Ōnin war (1467–1477), concerning future succession of shogun ashikaga yoshimasa of japan



early modern asia

war of 1657–61. mughal emperors overthrown sons, warred each other death.



mir jafar defected british during battle of plassey, being made new nawab of bengal reward.



northern yuan war of succession (1517–15??), after death of khagan dayan khan of northern yuan dynasty
mughal war of succession (1540–1552), between brothers humayun , kamran mirza succession of 10 years earlier deceased father, emperor babur of mughal empire
safavid war of succession (1576–1578), after death of shah tahmasp of persia
mughal war of succession (1601–1605), in advance of death of emperor akbar of mughal empire
mughal war of succession (1627–1628), after death of emperor nuruddin salim jahangir of mughal empire
mughal war of succession (1657–1661), after grave illness of emperor shah jahan of mughal empire
the javanese wars of succession, between local pretenders , candidates of dutch east india company

first javanese war of succession (1677–1707)
second javanese war of succession (1719–1722)
third javanese war of succession (nl) (1749–1755)


mughal war of succession (1707–1708), after death of emperor aurangzeb of mughal empire
mughal war of succession (1712–1720), after death of emperor bahadur shah of mughal empire
marava war of succession (1720–1729), after death of raja raghunatha kilavan of ramnad
persian or iranian wars of succession (1725–1796)

safavid war of succession (1725–1729), after hotak invasion , imprisonment of shah sultan husayn of safavid persia
afsharid war of succession (1747–1757), after death of shah nadir shah of afsharid persia
zand war of succession (1779–1796), after death of karim khan of zand persia


carnatic wars (1744–1763), territorial , succession wars between several local, nominally independent princes in carnatic, in british east india company , french east india company mingled

first carnatic war (1744–1748), part of war of austrian succession between amongst others france on 1 hand , britain on other
second carnatic war (1749–1754), succession of both nizam of hyderabad , nawab of arcot
third carnatic war (nl) (1756–1763), after death of nawab alivardi khan of bengal; part of global 7 years war between amongst others france on 1 hand , britain on other


maratha war of succession (1749–1752), after death of maharaja shahu of maratha empire
anglo-maratha wars (1775–1819): wars of succession between peshwas, in british intervened, , conquered maratha empire

first anglo-maratha war (1775–1782), after death of peshwa madhavrao i; pretender raghunath rao invoked british help, lost
second anglo-maratha war (1803–1805), pretender baji rao ii, son van raghunath rao, triumphed british , became peshwa, had surrender power , territory british
third anglo-maratha war, pindari war (1816–1819), peshwa baji rao ii revolted against british in vain; maratha empire annexed



modern asia

dutch cavalry charge during 1859 bone expedition on sulawesi.



afghan wars of succession (1793–1834?), after death of emir timur shah durrani of afghanistan
first anglo-afghan war (1839–1842), british–indian invasion of afghanistan under pretext of restoring deposed emir shah shujah durrani
pahang civil war (1857–1863), after death of raja tun ali of pahang
later afghan war of succession (1865–1870), after death of emir dost mohammed khan of afghanistan
the dutch east indies army s 1859–1860 bone expeditions dealt 2 wars of succession in neighbouring sulawesi kingdoms of bone , wajo

in war of bone succession (1858–1860), dutch supported pretender ahmad sinkkaru rukka against queen besse arung kajuara after death of husband, king aru pugi
in war of wajo succession (1858–1861), dutch supported pretender pata hassim after death of raja tulla



europe
ancient europe


wars of diadochi or wars of alexander s successors (323–277 bce), after death of king alexander great of macedon
year of 4 emperors (68–69 ce), rebellion in roman empire became war of succession after suicide of emperor nero
year of 5 emperors (193), beginning of war of succession lasted until 197, after assassination of roman emperor commodus
crisis of third century (235–284), year of 6 emperors (238), series of wars between barracks emperors after assassination of severus alexander
civil wars of tetrarchy (306–324), after death of augustus (senior roman emperor) constantius chlorus
war of magnentius (350–353), after assassination of roman co-emperor constans i
war of hunnic succession (453–454), after death of attila, ruler of huns

early medieval europe

fontenoy confirmed partition of francia between emperor louis pious s 3 sons.



twenty years anarchy (695–717), after deposition of emperor justinian ii of byzantine empire
frankish civil war (715–718) (nl), after death of mayor of palace pepin of herstal
carolingian wars of succession (de) (830–842), series of armed conflicts in late frankish carolingian empire (future) succession of emperor louis pious
war of northumbrian succession (865–867), between king osberht , king Ælla of northumbria; infighting interrupted when great heathen army invaded, against vainly joined forces
svatopluk ii rebellion (895–899?), after death of duke svatopluk of great moravia
war of leonese succession (951–956), after death of king ramiro ii of léon
war of leonese succession (982–984), continuation of last leonese war of succession

high medieval europe

in 1066, william of normandy managed enforce claim english throne.



war of burgundian succession (1002–1016) (de), after death of duke henry great of burgundy
fitna of al-andalus (1009–1031), after deposition of caliph hisham ii of córdoba
norwegian war of succession (1025/6–1035), after departure of king cnut great of denmark england; became war of succession when king olaf ii of norway deposed in 1028 , died in battle in 1030
danish war of succession (1042–1043), after death of king harthacnut (canute iii) of denmark
war of 3 sanchos (1065–1067), after death of king ferdinand great
battle of stamford bridge (1066), after death of king edward confessor of england
norman invasion of england (1066–1075), after death of king edward confessor of england
the anarchy (1135–1154), after death of king henry of england
baussenque wars (1144–1162), after death of count berenguer ramon of provence
fourth crusade (1202–1204), redirected constantinople intervene in byzantine succession dispute after deposition of emperor isaac ii angelos
loon war (1203–1206), after death of count dirk vii of holland
war of moha succession (1212–1213), on county of moha after death of count albert ii of dagsburg
first barons war (1215–1217). war began barons revolt on king john lackland s violation of magna carta, turned dynastic war throne of england when french crownprince louis became champion, , john lackland unexpectedly passed away
war of succession of champagne (1216–1222), indirectly after death of count theobald iii of champagne
war of succession of breda (1226/8–1231/2), after death of lord henry iii of schoten of breda
war of flemish succession (1244–1254), after death of countess joan of constantinople of flanders , hainaut
war of thuringian succession (1247–1264), after death of landgrave henry raspe iv of thuringia
great interregnum (1245/50–1275), after deposition , death of emperor frederick ii of holy roman empire
war of euboeote succession (1256–1258), after death of triarch carintana dalle carceri of negroponte
war of limburg succession (1283–1288), after death of duke waleran iv , daughter , heiress irmgard of limburg

late medieval europe

the hundred years war arose when english king claimed french throne.



the 1388 battle of strietfield secured lüneburg house of welf.



the battle of st. jakob der sihl (1443) during old zürich war.



the catholic monarchs united spain after war of castilian succession.



scottish wars of independence (1296–1357), after scottish nobility requested king edward of england mediate in 1286–92 scottish succession crisis, known great cause . edward claim role in appointing new king of scots, john balliol, meant scotland s overlord, , started interfere in scottish domestic affairs, causing dissent.

first war of scottish independence (1296–1328), after scottish opposition edward s interference reached point of rebellion, edward marched against scotland, defeating , imprisoning john balliol, stripping him off kingship, , annexing scotland. however, william wallace , andrew moray rose against edward , assumed title of guardians of scotland on behalf of john balliol, passing title on robert bruce (one of claimants during great cause) , john iii comyn in 1298. former killed latter in 1306, , crowned king of scots shortly after, in opposition both edward , still imprisoned john balliol.
second war of scottish independence, or anglo-scottish war of succession (1332–1357), after death of king of scots robert bruce


byzantine civil war of 1321–28, after deaths of manuel palaiologos , father, co-emperor michael ix palaiologos, , exclusion of andronikos iii palaiologos line of succession
wars of rügen succession (1326–1328; 1340–1354), after death of prince vitslav iii of rügen
wars of loon succession (nl) (1336–1366), after death of count louis iv of loon
hundred years war (1337–1453), indirectly after death of king charles iv of france
galicia–volhynia wars (1340–1392), after death of king bolesław-jerzy ii of galicia , volhynia
war of breton succession (1341–1364), after death of duke john iii of brittany
byzantine civil war of 1341–47, after death of emperor andronikos iii palaiologos
hook , cod wars (1349–1490), after death of count william iv of holland
guelderian fraternal feud (nl) (1350–1361), after death of duke reginald ii of guelders
castilian civil war (1351–1369), after death of king alfonso xi of castile

war of 2 peters (1356–1375), spillover of castilian civil war , hundred years war


war of brabantine succession (de; fr; nl) (1355–1357), after death of duke john iii of brabant
war of lüneburg succession (1370–1389), after death of duke william ii of brunswick-lüneburg
the 3 guelderian wars of succession:

first war of guelderian succession (1371–1379), after death of duke reginald iii of guelders
second war of guelderian succession (nl) (1423–1448), after death of duke reginald iv guelders , jülich
third war of guelderian succession (1538–1543), see guelders wars (1502–1543)


war of succession of patriarchate of aquileia (it) (1381–1388), after death of patriarch marquard of randeck
1383–1385 portuguese interregnum, portuguese succession crisis , war after death of king ferdinand of portugal
ottoman interregnum (1401/2–1413), after imprisonment , death of sultan bayezid i
everstein feud (de) (1404–1409), after childless count herman vii of everstein signed treaty of inheritance simon iii, lord of lippe, challenged dukes of brunswick-lüneburg
lithuanian civil war (1432–38), after death of grand duke vytautas great of lithuania
old zürich war (1440–1446), after death of count frederick vii of toggenburg
saxon fratricidal war (1446–1451), after death of landgrave frederick iv of thuringia
navarrese civil war (1451–1455), after death of blanche of navarre , usurpation of throne john ii of aragon
the utrecht civil wars, related hook , cod wars.

first utrecht civil war, after death of bishop rudolf van diepholt of utrecht
second utrecht civil war (1481–1483), spillover of hook , cod wars


wars of roses (1455–1487), after weakness of (and assassination of) king henry vi of england
war of neapolitan succession (1458–1462), after death of king alfonso v of aragon
war of succession of stettin (1464–1529), after death of duke otto iii of pomerania
war of castilian succession (1475–1479), after death of king henry iv of castile
war of burgundian succession (1477–1482), after death of duke charles bold of burgundy

guelderian war of independence (nl) (1477–1482, 1494–1499), after death of duke charles bold of burgundy


ottoman war of succession (1481–1482), between prince cem , prince bayezid after death of sultan mehmet ii
jonker fransen war (nl) (1488–1490), last ignition of hook , cod wars

early modern europe

the jülich succession became european war, because future religious balance of power depended on it.



during war of spanish succession, large european coalition tried keep spain out of french hands.



the war of austrian succession.



war of succession of landshut (1503–1505), after death of duke george of bavaria-landshut
ottoman civil war (1509–13), between prince selim , prince ahmed succession of sultan bayezid ii (†1512)
danish wars of succession (nl) (1523–1537), series of conflicts danish throne within house of oldenburg

danish war of succession (1523–1524) (nl), because of dissatisfaction kingship of christian ii of denmark
count s feud (1534–1536), after death of king frederick of denmark


ottoman war of succession of 1559, between prince selim , prince bayezid succession of sultan süleyman i
war of portuguese succession (1580–1583), after death of king-cardinal henry of portugal
struggles kingship of france in late french wars of religion (1585–1598), house of valois set die out

war of 3 henrys (1585–1589), after death of duke francis of anjou, french heir-presumptive, , protestant king henry of navarre s exclusion order of succession. spain intervened in favour of catholic league, led duke henry of guise. king henry iii of france caught between two.
henry iv of france s succession (1589–1594). king henry of navarre became king henry iv of france after death of both duke henry of guise , king henry iii of france. spain continued intervene, claiming french throne infanta isabella clara eugenia instead. appease catholics, henry iv converted catholicism in 1593, under condition protestants tolerated; kingship increasingly recognised in france.
franco-spanish war (1595–1598). king henry iv of france, uniting french protestants , catholics, declared war on spain directly counter spanish infanta isabella clara eugenia s claim french throne.


war of polish succession (1587–88), after death of king , grand duke stephen báthory of poland–lithuania
strasbourg bishops war (1592–1604), after death of prince-bishop john iv of manderscheid
time of troubles (1598–1613), after death of tsar feodor of russia

polish–muscovite war (1605–18) or dimitriads, during 3 false dmitrys, imposters claiming feodor s rightful successor, advanced polish-lithuanian commonwealth


war of deposition against sigismund (1598–1599), after death of king john iii of sweden
polish–swedish war (1600–29), originated war of deposition against sigismund
war of jülich succession (1609–1614), after death of duke john william of jülich-cleves-berg
düsseldorf cow war (1651), indirectly after death of duke john william of jülich-cleves-berg
war of montferrat succession (fr) (1613–1617), after death of duke francesco iv gonzaga
war of mantuan succession (1627–1631), after death of duke vincenzo ii gonzaga
piedmontese civil war (1639–1642), after death of duke victor amadeus of savoy
war of devolution (1667–1668), after death of king philip iv of spain
monmouth rebellion (1685), after death of king charles ii of england
english or palatinate war of succession, or 9 years war (1688–1697), after glorious revolution, , death of elector charles ii of palatinate indirect cause
the jacobite risings (1688–1746) tried undo glorious revolution (partially caused birth of james francis edward stuart), called war of british succession

williamite war in ireland (1688–1691), war in ireland between william iii of orange , james ii stuart (part of english war of succession)
scottish jacobite rising (1689–92), war in scotland between william iii of orange , james ii stuart (part of english war of succession)
jacobite rising of 1715 (1715–1716), after death of heiress-presumptive sophia of hanover , queen anne of great-britain
jacobite rising of 1745 (1745–1746), opportunistic attempt regain throne last serious jacobite pretender


war of spanish succession (1701–1714), after death of king charles ii of spain
war of quadruple alliance (1718–1720), after death of sun king louis xiv of france
war of polish succession (1733–1738), after death of king augustus ii strong of poland
war of austrian succession (1740–1748), after death of archduke charles vi of austria
war of bavarian succession (1778–1779), after death of elector maximilian iii joseph of bavaria

modern europe

the third carlist war.



the death of frederick vii of denmark cause of second schleswig war.



russian interregnum of 1825 (1825–1826), after death of tsar alexander of russia, had secretly changed order of succession brother constantine in favour of younger brother nicholas, neither of whom wanted rule. 2 related different rebel movements arose offer solution succession crisis: aristocratic petersburg-based group favoured constitutional monarchy under constantine, democratic kiev-based group of pavel pestel called establishment of republic.

decembrist revolt (december 1825), aristocratic decembrists in saint petersburg
chernigov regiment revolt (january 1826), republican decembrists in ukraine


liberal wars, miguelist war or portuguese civil war (1828–1834), after death of king john vi of portugal
the carlist wars, first. later carlist wars more ideological in nature (against modernism)

first carlist war (1833–1839), after death of king ferdinand vii of spain
second carlist war (1846–1849), small-scale uprising in protest against marriage of isabella ii else carlist pretender carlos luis de borbón
third carlist war (1872–1876), after coronation of king amadeo of spain
spanish civil war (1936–1939), in both carlist , bourbonist monarchists vied restore monarchy (abolished in 1931) in favour of own dynasty


second schleswig war (1864), partially caused death of king frederick vii of denmark
franco-prussian war (1870–1871), directly caused spanish succession crisis following glorious revolution of 1868

north america

tepanec war of succession (1426–1428), after death of king tezozomoc of azcapotzalco; led formation of anti-tepanec triple alliance, better known aztec empire

south america

war of 2 brothers, or inca civil war (1529–1532), after death of emperor huayna capac of inca empire




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