Industrial uses Antioxidant

substituted phenols , derivatives of phenylenediamine common antioxidants used inhibit gum formation in gasoline (petrol).

antioxidants added industrial products. common use stabilizers in fuels , lubricants prevent oxidation, , in gasolines prevent polymerization leads formation of engine-fouling residues. in 2014, worldwide market natural , synthetic antioxidants $2.25 billion forecast of growth $3.25 billion 2020.

they used prevent oxidative degradation of polymers such rubbers, plastics , adhesives causes loss of strength , flexibility in these materials. polymers containing double bonds in main chains, such natural rubber , polybutadiene, susceptible oxidation , ozonolysis. can protected antiozonants. solid polymer products start crack on exposed surfaces material degrades , chains break. mode of cracking varies between oxygen , ozone attack, former causing crazy paving effect, while ozone attack produces deeper cracks aligned @ right angles tensile strain in product. oxidation , uv degradation linked, because uv radiation creates free radicals bond breakage. free radicals react oxygen produce peroxy radicals cause yet further damage, in chain reaction. other polymers susceptible oxidation include polypropylene , polyethylene. former more sensitive owing presence of secondary carbon atoms present in every repeat unit. attack occurs @ point because free radical formed more stable 1 formed on primary carbon atom. oxidation of polyethylene tends occur @ weak links in chain, such branch points in low-density polyethylene.