Watershed Klamath River

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klamath river watershed boundaries



extending arid eastern oregon cold , rainy northern california coast, klamath river watershed drains parts of 3 oregon counties , 5 counties in california , includes diversity of landscapes. northernmost part of watershed high desert country drained williamson river , sprague river, both flow southwest upper klamath lake. middle basin characterized extensive wetland, grassland, , agricultural areas, , partially filled 2 major bodies of water: upper , lower klamath lake. extensive lower basin, encompasses on 1 half of 15,689-square-mile (40,630 km) watershed, composed of rugged mountains, forests , canyons.


several other west coast , interior drainage basins border on of klamath river. on northwest rogue river , umpqua river in oregon , smith river in california. on east there closed harney basin , small portion of great basin. south side of klamath river watershed bounded sacramento river , upper tributaries, including pit river, , on southwest side mad river , redwood creek. western boundary of upper klamath basin formed high cascades , klamath mountains, 1 of southernmost extents of cascade range, , california coast ranges cover southwestern watershed. klamath 1 of 3 rivers begins east of cascades , flows pacific ocean; other 2 columbia , fraser.


most human use of watershed limited upper basin. despite semiarid climate, dams have been built, irrigation water has been supplied klamath , lost rivers, , plentiful groundwater has been drawn transform of upper klamath basin farmland. @ least 11,000 years ago, lower klamath , tule lakes in rainy season combine 1 giant freshwater marsh 290 square miles (750 km) large. this, combined on 100 square miles (260 km) of upper klamath lake, formed temporary habitat millions of migratory birds. these lakes remnants of large ice age lake, lake modoc, covered 1,100 square miles (2,800 km). although of marshlands have been developed exception of upper klamath lake, 3.7 million migrating birds still pass through watershed each year.



marshlands in upper klamath basin today remnants of vast lake modoc.


despite plentiful flow in california, klamath not supply significant amounts of water irrigators , municipal users in central , southern portions of state. klamath reclamation project in klamath falls area supplies water local irrigators, , central valley project diverts water trinity river supply irrigation water sacramento valley. other tributaries of klamath, including lost , shasta rivers, diverted irrigation. water use of lower klamath—one of last relatively free-flowing rivers in state of california—has been debated decades among conservationists, tribes, irrigators, , government agencies, , eventual fate still unclear.


tributaries

tributaries of klamath river listed below. numbers (rm/rkm) after tributary names denote river miles (river kilometers) enter klamath, or specific tributary under listed.









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