General properties Planar transmission line
a microstrip band-pass hairpin filter followed low-pass stub filter on printed circuit in 20 ghz spectrum analyser planar transmission lines transmission lines in conductors flat. conductors consist of flat strips, , there 1 or more ground planes parallel flat surface of conductors. transmission lines can constructed in other formats such wires or coaxial cable. interconnections, there wide range of circuits can implemented in transmission lines. these include filters, power dividers , directional couplers, impedance matching networks, , choke circuits deliver biasing active components. principal advantage of planar formats can manufactured using same processes used make printed circuits , integrated circuits, particularly through photolithography process. planar technologies particularly suited mass production of such components. making circuit elements out of transmission lines useful @ microwave frequencies. @ lower frequencies longer wavelength makes these components bulky. @ highe...